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William II of Provence
William II (or III) ( – 1018), called the Pious, was the Count of Provence.
==Life==
William was the son of William I (or II) of Provence and Arsende de Comminges,〔Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 187〕 daughter of Arnaldo, Count of Comminges and Arsende, Countess of Carcassonne.〔Christian Settipani, ''La Noblesse du Midi Carolingien'', (Oxford: Unit for Prosopographical Research, 2004), pp. 68 & n, 70〕 William succeeded his father; William I, on the latter's retirement to a monastery just before his death in late 994.〔 He was a minor under his step-mother's regency until he came of age in 999. His regent was Adelaide-Blanche of Anjou, his father's second wife.〔According to this cartulary, published by F. de Marin de Carranrais, ''L'Abbaye de Montmajour. E'tude Historique, etc.'' (Marseille, 1877), where Countess Adelaide was called his mother and guardian. According to ES II, 187 Adelaide-Blanche married William's father making it chronologically improbable she could have been his birth mother. In a 990 charter to Cluny, William II is a signatory (also indicating he was more than an infant) and is called the son of Count William, but not of Adelaide(-Blanche). See ''Recueil des Chartes de L'Abbaye de Cluny'', Formé par Auguste Bernard, Tome 3 (987–1027) (Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1884), pp. 80–1. Lastly, William II cannot have been a son of Adelaide-Blanche because as William I's widow she next married Otto-William, Count of Burgundy. Since William II married Gerberga the daughter of Otto-William, first degree affinity would have attached ''if'' he were her son. See Constance Bouchard, 'Consanguinity and Noble Marriages in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries', ''Speculum'', Vol. 56, No. 2 (Apr., 1981), pp. 268–287.〕 William did not succeed to the margravial title, which went to his uncle Rotbold I.〔 Around 1002, he married Gerberga, daughter of Otto-William, Count of Burgundy and Ermentrude, Countess of Mâcon and Besançon.〔Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafeln 59, 187〕 William died in 1018, about 30 May.〔
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